The following are references to the sources which I used for my Doctoral Research. This is a longer list that what appeared in the "References" chapter of my thesis, since not all of my references below were actually used in my thesis.
[AAGE98] Aagedal, J. and Milosevic, Z. Enterprise Modelling and QoS for Command and Control Systems. Presented at the Second International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Workshop (EDOC '98), San Diego, California, 1998.
[AGAR95] Agarwala, R.; Bafna, V.; Farach, M.; Narayanan, B.; Paterson, M. and Thorup, M. On The Approximability Of Numerical Taxonomy: Fitting Distances By Tree Metrics. Proceedings of the Seventh Annual Acm-Siam Symposium On Discrete Algorithms, 1996, pp. 365-372.
[AGAR99] Agarwal, R.; Bruno, G. and Torchiano, M., Modeling Complex Systems: Class Models and Instance Models. Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Technology (CIT'99).
[AGIR00] Agirre, E.; Ansa, O.; Hovy, E. and D. Martinez. Enriching Very Large Ontologies Using the WWW. Proceedings of the First Workshop on Ontology Learning OL'2000 held in conjunction with the Fourteenth European Conference on Artificial Intelligence ECAI'2000, Berlin, Germany, 25 Aug 2000.
[AGOS99] Agosti, M.; Crivellari, F. and Melucci, M. The Effectiveness of Meta-data and Other Content Descriptive Data in Web Information Retrieval. Proceedings of the Third IEEE META-DATA Conference, Bethesda, Maryland, 6-7 Apr 1999.
[ALFE94] Alfeld, L.E. The System Dynamics Modeling Methodology. White Paper, Decision Dynamics. http://www.decisiondynamics.com
[ALFR96] Alfred, Charlie and Mellor, Stephen L. Observations on the Role of Patterns in Object-Oriented Software Development. In [BOWM96], pp. 279-287.
[ALJL01] Aljlayl, Mohammed and Frieder, Ophir. "Effective Arabic-English Cross-Language Information Retrieval via Machine-Readable Dictionaries and Machine Translation. Proceedings of the 2001 ACM CIKM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, November 5-10, 2001.
[AMAN99] Amann, B. and Fundulaki, I. Integrating Ontologies and Thesauri to Build RDF Schemas. In ECDL-99: Research and Advanced Technologies for Digital Libraries, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Paris, France, Sep 1999, pp. 234-253.
[AMBU99] Ambur, Owen D. Freedom's Just Another Word ... for Metadata: Knowledge Management and Discovery via DASL, Z39.50, X.500, and the DMA. Proceedings of the Third IEEE META-DATA Conference, Bethesda, Maryland, 6-7 Apr 1999.
[ANH96] Anh, Dao Nam and Moore, Richard. Formal Modelling of Large Domains. Technical Report 74, UNU/IIST (United Nations University/International Institute for Software Technology), P.O.Box 3058, Macau, June 1996. Revised Sep 1996.
[ANON99] Anon. Advantages of Outsourcing in IT Week, December 1999 as quoted in Hot Topics, http://uk.sun.com/services/hotspot/skills/hots/hottopics_1.html .
[APPL97] Appleton, B. Patterns and Software: Essential Concepts and Terminology. 1997. http://www.enteract.com/ ~bradapp/docs/patterns-intro.html
[AVIS95] Avison, D.E. and Fitzgerald, G. Information Systems Development: Methodologies, Techniques and Tools. London, UK: McGraw Hill, 1995.
[BALL96] Ball, Thomas A. and Eick, Stephen G. Software Visualization In The Large. IEEE Computer, Vol. 29 No. 4 (Apr 1996), pp. 33-43.
[BANS93] Bansler, J.P. and Boedker, K. A Reappraisal of Structured Analysis: Design in an Organisational Context. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, Vol. 11 No. 2 (Apr 1993).
[BARB95] Barbacci, Mario R.; Klein, Mark H.; Longstaff, Thomas A. et al. Quality Attributes. Technical Report 95-TR-021, Software Engineering Institute, December 1995.
[BARB97] Barbacci, Mario R.; Klein, Mark H. And Weinstock, Charles B. Principles for Evaluating the Quality Attributes of a Software Architecture. Technical Report 96-TR-036, Software Engineering Institute, May 1997.
[BART98] Bartlett, P.G. Do you Need XML? A Checklist SGML/XML GCA Conference, Paris, France, May 1998.
[BARW74] Barwise, K.J. Axioms for Abstract Model Theory. Analytic Mathematical Logic, Vol. 7 (1974), pp.221-265.
[BASI96] Basili, V.R.; Briand, L.C. and Melo, W.L. A Validation of Object-Oriented Design Metrics as Quality Indicators. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, Vol. 22 No. 10 (Oct 1996), pp. 751-761.
[BASI88] Basili, V. R. and Rombach, H.D. The TAME Project: Towards Improvement-Oriented Software Environments. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, Vol.14 No. 6 (Nov 1988), p.758-773.
[BATE90] Bateman, John A. Upper Modeling: A General Organization Of Knowledge For Natural Language Processing. Proceedings of the International Language Generation Workshop, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Jun 1990.
[BAUE98] Bauer, Christian and Glasson, Bernard. Extending the Concept of a Reference Model Across Industries. Proceedings of the IFIP WG8.2 & WG8.6 Joint Working Conference on Information Systems: Current Issues and Future Changes, Helsinki, Finland, 10-13 Dec 1998, pp.471-488.
[BECH00] Bechhofer, S.; Broekstra, J.; Decker, S. et al. An informal description of Standard OIL and Instance OIL. Technical Report. Available from http://www.ontoknowledge.org/oil/ .
[BECK00] Becker, Scot A. Perspective And Abstraction. The Data Administration Newsletter Issue 15, Dec 2000. http://www.tdan.com/i015hy02.htm
[BECK98] Becker, Scot A. Building A Better Data Model. The Data Administration Newsletter Issue 7, Dec 1998. http://www.tdan.com/i007fe04.htm
[BEEC87] Beech, David. Groundwork for an Object Database Model. In [SHRI87], pp.317-354.
[BEER85] Beer, Stafford. Diagnosing the System for Organisations. Chichester, UK: J. Wiley, 1985. Reprinted 1995.
[BEER99] Beer, Stafford. On the Nature of Models: Let Us Now Praise Famous Men and Women, Too (from Warren McCulloch to Candace Pert). Informing Science, Vol. 2 No. 3 (1999), pp. 69-82.
[BELL98] Bellinger, Gene. Bureaucracy & Organizational Politics: Emergent Characteristics of Structure. http://www.outsights.com/systems/hop/hop.htm
[BENJ98] Benjamins, V.R.; Fensel, D. and Gmez-Prez, A. Knowledge Management through Ontologies. Proceedings of the Second International Conference Practical Aspects of Knowledge Management (PAKM 98), Basel, Switzerland, 29-30 Oct 1998.
[BENN00] Ben-Natan, Ron and Sasson, Ori. IBM SanFrancisco: Developer's Guide. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2000.
[BENY90] Benyon, D. Information and Data Modelling. Oxford, UK: Blackwell, 1990.
[BERA93] Berard, Edward V. Metrics for Object-Oriented Software Engineering in Essays on Object-Oriented Software Engineering. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1993.
[BERA95] Berard E.V. A Comparison of Object-Oriented Methodologies. Report by The Object Agency, 1995. http://www.toa.com/pub/mcr.pdf
[BERG00] Bergholtz, M. and Johannesson, P. Validating Conceptual Models Utilising Analysis Patterns As An Instrument For Explanation Generation. Fifth International Conference on Applications of Natural Language to Information Systems, Mtais, E. (ed.), Berlin: Springer Verlag, 2000.
[BERN01] Berners-Lee, T.; Hendler, J. and Lassila, O. The Semantic Web. Scientific American, (May 2001), pp.28-37.
[BERN94] Bernus, P.; Nemes, L. and Morris, R. Possibilities and Limitations of Reusing Enterprise Models. Proceedings of the Second IFAC/IFIP/IFORS Workshop on Intelligent Manufacturing Systems, IMS'94, Kopacek, Peter (ed), Vienna, Austria, Jun 1994, pp. 11-16.
[BERN96a] Bernus, Peter and Nemes, Laszlo (eds.). Modelling and Methodologies for Enterprise Integration. London, UK: Chapman & Hall, 1996.
[BERN96b] Bernus, Peter; Nemes, Laszlo and Williams, Theodore J. (eds.). Architectures for Enterprise Integration. London, UK: Chapman & Hall, 1996.
[BERN96c] Bernus, Peter; Nemes, Laszlo and Morris, R. The Meaning of an Enterprise Model. In [BERN96a], pp.183-200.
[BEVA94] Bevan, N. and Mcleod, M. Usability measurement in context in Behaviour and Information Technology, 1994, pp. 132-145.
[BEVA95] Bevan, Nigel. Measuring usability as quality of use in Software Quality Journal, Vol 4 (1995), pp. 115-150.
[BEZI98a] Bezivin, Jean. Who's Afraid of Ontologies? Proceedings of OOPSLA 98, Vancouver, Canada, 18-22 Oct 1998.
[BEZI98b] Bzivin, Jean and Lemesle, Richard. The sBrowser: a Prototype Meta-Browser for Model Engineering. Proceedings of OOPSLA 98, Vancouver, Canada, 18-22 Oct 1998.
[BEZI99] Bzivin, Jean. Meta-Model Technology: Concepts And Applications. XML'99 Conference, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Dec 1999.
[BIDA99] Bidarra, Rafael and Bronsvoort, Willem F. Validity Maintenance Of Semantic Feature Models. Proceedings of the Fifth Symposium On Solid Modeling And Application,s Jun 1999, pp. 85-96.
[BIEM96] Bieman, J. Metric Development For Object-Oriented Software. Software Measurement: Understanding Software Engineering, Melton, A. (ed.). International Thompson Computer Press, 1996, pp. 75-92.
[BIRK33] Birhoff G. D. Aesthetic Measure. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press, 1933.
[BISS00] Bisson, G.; Nedellec, C. and Canamero, D. Designing Clustering Methods for Ontology Building - The Mo'K Workbench. Proceedings of the First Workshop on Ontology Learning OL'2000 held in conjunction with the Fourteenth European Conference on Artificial Intelligence ECAI'2000, Berlin, Germany, 25 Aug 2000.
[BJR84] Bjrn-Andersen, N. Challenge to Certainty. Beyond Productivity: Information Systems Development for Organisational Effectiveness, Bemelmans, T.M.A. (ed.). Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1984.
[BJOR95] Bjrn, M.; Kim, H. K. and Hotaka, R. A Self-Descriptive Conceptual Schema Modelling Facility, Its Implementation And Extension. In [FALK95], pp. 72-87.
[BLAZ98] Blzquez, M.; Fernndez, M.; Garca-Pinar, J.M. and Gmez-Prez, A. Building Ontologies at the Knowledge Level Using the Ontology Design Environment. Proceedings of the Eleventh Workshop on Knowledge Acquisition, Modeling and Management, Banff, Canada, 18-23 Apr 1998.
[BHM76] Bhm, B.W.; Brown, J.R. and Lipow, M. Quantitative Evaluation of Software Quality. Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Software Engineering on International Conference on Software Engineering, Oct 1976, pp. 592 - 605.
[BHM78] Bhm, B. et al. Characteristics of Software Quality. New York: Elsevier North-Holland, 1978.
[BOLA87] Boland, R.J. and Hirschheim, R.A. (eds.). Critical Issues in Information Systems Research. Chichester,UK: J.Wiley, 1987.
[BOOC94] Booch, Grady. Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with Applications. Redwood City, California: Benjamin/Cummings, 1994.
[BOOC95] Booch, Grady and Rumbaugh, James. Unified Method for Object-Oriented Development. Documentation Set. Version 0.8. Santa Clara, California: Rational Software Corporation, 1995.
[BOOC96] Booch, Grady. Well-Structured Object-Oriented Architectures. In [BOWM96], pp. 23-30.
[BOOC99] Booch, Grady; Rumbaugh, James and Jacobson, Ivar. The Unified Modeling Language User Guide. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley, 1999.
[BORG96] Borgo, S.; Guarino, N. and Masolo, C. Towards an Ontological Theory of Physical Objects. Symposium on Modelling and Simulation. IMACS-IEEE/SMC Conference: Computational Engineering in Systems Applications (CESA 96), Lille, France, 9-12 Jul 1996
[BORG97] Borgo S.; Guarino N.; Masolo C. and Vetere, G. Using a Large Linguistic Ontology for Internet-Based Retrieval of Object-Oriented Components. Proceedings of Nineth International Conference on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering (SEKE 97), Madrid, Spain.
[BOS99] Bos, Lisa W. Overview of XML Family of Standards. XML 99 GCA Conference, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Dec 1999.
[BOWE95] Bowen, Jonathan P. and Hinchey, Michael G. Seven More Myths of Formal Methods. IEEE Software, Vol. 12 No. 3 (1995), pp. 34-41.
[BOWM96] Bowman, Charles F. (ed). Wisdom of the Gurus: A Vision for Object Technology. New York: Prentice Hall, 1996.
[BRAC97] Bracchi, G. and Francalanci, C. Modelling the Impact of Structural and Information System Choices on Organisational Information Processing Capacity. Proceedings of the European Conference in Information Systems (ECIS'97), pp.913-928.
[BRAN86] Brancheau, J.C. and Wetherbe, J.C. Information Architectures: Methods and Practice. Information Processing and Management, Vol. 22 No. 6 (1986), pp. 453-463.
[BRAS99] Brash, D. The Contributions of Participants to Enterprise Modeling. The Tenth Australasian Conference on Information Systems (ACIS'99), Wellington, New Zealand, 1-3 Dec 1999.
[BRAZ98] Brazier, Frances M.T. and Wijngaards, Niek J.E. A Purpose Driven Method for the Comparison of Modelling Frameworks. Proceedings of the Eleventh Workshop on Knowledge Acquisition, Modeling and Management, Banff, Canada, 18-23 Apr 1998.
[BREW01] Brewster, C.; Ciravegna, F. and Wilks, Y. Knowledge Acquisition for Knowledge Management. Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Ontology Learning OL'2001 held in conjunction with the Seventeenth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence IJCAI'2001, Seattle, Washington, 4 Aug 2001.
[BRIA94] Briand, L.C.; Morasca, S. and Basili, V.R. Defining and Validating High-Level Design Metrics. Technical Report CS-TR-3301, Version 2, University of Maryland, 1994.
[BRIE92] Brier, Seren. Information and Consciousness: A Critique of the Mechanistic Concept of Information. Cybernetics & Human Knowing, Vol. 1 No. 2/3, (1992).
[BRIN96] Brinkkemper, Sjaak; Lyytinen, Kalle and Welke, Richard J. (eds.). Method Engineering: Principles of Method Construction and Tool Support. Proceedings of the IFIP TC8, WG8.118.2 Working Conference on Method Engineering, Atlanta, Georgia, 26-28 Aug 1996. London, UK: Chapman & Hall, 1996.
[BRIT94] Brito, E.; Abreu, F. et al. Candidate Metrics for Object Oriented Software within a Taxonomy Framework. Journal of Systems and Software, Vol. 26 No. 1 (1994), pp. 87-96.
[BROD82] Brodie, Michael L.; Mylopoulos, John and Schmidt, Joachim W. (eds.). On Conceptual Modelling. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1982.
[BRUN97] Bruno, G.; Reyneri, C. and Torchiano, M. Enterprise Integration: Operational Models Of Business Processes And Workflow System. Workshop on Enterprise Integration - International Consensus, ICEIMT 97 International Conference on Enterprise Integration Modeling Technology, Torino, Italy, 28-30 Oct 1997.
[BRYN93] Brynjolfsson, E. and Mendelson, H. Information Systems and the Organization of Modern Enterprise. Journal of Organizational Computing, (Dec 1993).
[BUBE00] Bubenko, Janis A. and Kirikova, Marite. Worlds In Requirements Acquisition and Modelling. Unpublished Paper, Department of Computer and System Science, Stockholm University, 2000.
[BUBE86] Bubenko, Janis A. Information System Methodologies - A Research View. Information Systems Design Methodologies: Improving the Practice. Olle, T.W.; Sol, H.G. and Verrijn-Stuart, A.A. (eds.), Amsterdam: North Holland, 1986.
[BUCH94] Buchholz, E. and Dsterhft, A. Using Natural Language for Database Design. Proceedings of the First Workshop Knowledge Representation Meets Databases (KRDB '94), Saarbrcken, Germany, 20-22 Sep 1994.
[BUDA01] Budanitsky, Alexander and Hirst, Graeme. Semantic Distance in WordNet: An Experimental, Application-oriented Evaluation of Five Measures. Proceedings of the Workshop on WordNet and Other Lexical Resources, in the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (NAACL), Pittsburgh, PA, June 2001
[BUDI96] Budinsky, F.; Finnie, M.; Vlissides, J. and Yu, P. Automatic Code Generation from Design Patterns. IBM Systems Journa,l Vol. 35 No. 2 (1996), pp.151-171.
[BURR96] Burr, Adrian and Owen, Mal. Statistical Methods for Software Quality: Using Metrics to Control Process and Product Quality. London, UK: Thomson, 1996.
[BUSC96] Buschmann, Frank; Meunier, Regine; Rohnert, Hans; Sommerlad, Peter and Stal, Michael. Pattern-Oriented Software Architecture: A System of Patterns. Chichester, UK: J. Wiley, 1996.
[BYTH95] Bytheway, A. Information Modelling for Management. Working Paper SWP 17/95, School of Management, Cranfield University, U.K., 18 Aug 1995.
[CAIR98] Cair, Osvaldo. The KAMET Methodology: Content, Usage and Knowledge Modeling. Proceedings of the Eleventh Workshop on Knowledge Acquisition, Modeling and Management, Banff, Canada, 18-23 Apr 1998.
[CALL01] Callaos, Nagib and Callaos, Belkis. Toward a System Notion of Information: Practical Consequences. Informing Science, (Jun 2001), pp.107-115.
[CALL99] O'Callaghan, A.J. Migrating Large-Scale Legacy Systems to Component-Based and Object Technology. The Evolution of a Pattern Language Communications of AIS, Vol. 2 Article 3 (Jul 1999).
[CAMP96] Campbell, L. J.; Halpin, T.A. and Proper, H.A. Conceptual Schemas with Abstractions: Making Flat Conceptual Schemas More Comprehensible. Data & Knowledge Engineering, Vol. 20 No. 1 (1996), pp.39-85.
[CARD90] Crdenas, Alfonso F. and McLeod, Dennis. Research Foundations in Object-Oriented and Semantic Database Systems. Englewood Cliffs, California: Prentice-Hall, 1990.
[CARR79] Carr, Bernard. Graphs and Networks. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1979.
[CARV99] de Carvalho Moura, Ana Maria; Machado Campos, Maria Luiza and Barreto, Cassia Maria. A Meta-data Architecture to Represent Electronic Documents on the Web. Meta-Data Standards, Who Cares? Proceedings of the Third IEEE META-DATA Conference, Bethesda, Maryland, 6-7 Apr 1999.
[CASA95] Casati, F.; Ceri, S.; Pernici, B. and Pozzi, G. Conceptual Modeling of WorkFlows. Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference In Object-Oriented & Entity-Relationship Modelling (OOER '95), Australia, 13-15 Dec 1995. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1995, pp. 341-354.
[CASA99] Casati, Fabio. Semantic Interoperability in Interorganizational Workflows Proceedings of the Workshop on Cross-Organisational Workflow Management and Co-ordination, San Francisco, California, 22 Feb 1999.
[CATC87] Catchpole, C.P. Information Systems Design for the Community Health Service. Ph D Thesis, Aston University, Birmingham, 1987.
[CHAN98] Chandrasekaran, B.; Josephson, J. R. and Benjamins, V. Richard. The Ontology of Tasks and Methods. Proceedings of the Eleventh Workshop on Knowledge Acquisition , Modeling and Management, Banff, Canada, 18-23 Apr 1998.
[CHEC81] Checkland, P.B. Towards a Systems-based Methodology for Real-World Problem Solving. In [OPEN81], pp.288-314.
[CHEC92] Checkland, Peter. Information Systems and Systems Thinking: Time to Unite? In [COTT92], pp, 353-364.
[CHEN00] Chen, Z. and Zhu, B. Some Formal Analysis of the Rocchio's Similarity-based Relevance Feedback Algorithm. Technical Report CS-00-22, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Texas-Pan American, Mar 2000.
[CHEN76] Chen, P. P. The Entity-Relationship Model - Toward a Unified View of Data. ACM Transactions on Database Systems, Vol. 1 No. 1 (1976), pp. 9-36.
[CHEN94] Chen-Burger, Yun-Heh. KBST: A Support Tool for Business Modelling in BSDM. MSc. Thesis, Department of Artificial Intelligence, University of Edinburgh, 1994.
[CHEN97] Chen, Chaomei. Structuring and Visualising the WWW by Generalised Similarity Analysis. Proceedings of the Eighth ACM Conference on Hypertext, Apr 1997, pp. 177-186.
[CHEN98] Chen-Burger, Yun-Heh; Robertson, David and Stader, Jussi. Formal Support for an Informal Business Modelling Method. Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering (SEKE'98), 18-20 Jun 1998.
[CHIO02] Chiorean, Dan; Carcu, Adrian; Pasca, Mihai et al. "UML Model Checking" in INFORMATICA, Volume XLVII, Number 1, 2002, pp. 71-88.
[CHU97] Chu, Pai-Cheng. Actors and Scripts: Object-Oriented Simulation of Enterprise Systems. In Journal of Systems Software, Vol 37 (1997), pp. 187-199.
[CHUR68] Churchman, C. West. The Systems Approach. New York: Delta, 1968.
[CIBO97] Ciborra, Claudio U. Crisis And Foundations: An Inquiry Into The Nature And Limits Of Models And Methods In The IS Discipline. Proceedings of the European Conference in Information Systems (ECIS'97), pp. 1549-1560.
[CIOC00] Ciocoiu, M. and Nau, D. Ontology-Based Semantics. Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KR'2000), Breckenbridge, Colorado, 12-17 Apr 2000.
[CLAR94] Clarke, Edmund M.; Grumberg, Orna and Long, David E. Model Checking and Abstraction. ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems, Vol. 16 No. 5 (Sep 1994), pp. 1512-1542.
[CLAX00] Claxton, John C. and McDougall, Peter A. Measuring The Quality Of Models. The Data Administration Newsletter Issue 14, Oct 2000. http://www.tdan.com/i014ht03.htm
[CLEM02] Clements, Paul; Kazman, Rick and Klein, Mark. Evaluating Software Architectures: Methods and Case Studies. London, UK: Addison-Wesley, 2002.
[CLEM94] Clements, Paul. From Domain Models to Architectures. Workshop on Software Architecture, USC Center for Software Engineering, Los Angeles, 1994.
[CODD70] Codd, E.F. A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks. Communications of the ACM, Vol. 13 No. 6 (Jun 1970), pp. 377-387.
[CODD93] Codd, E.F., Codd, S.B. and Salley, C.T. Providing OLAP to User-Analysists: An IT Mandate. Unpublished paper, Arbor Software Company, 1993.
[COFF97] Coffman, Bryan S. James Millers Living Systems Theory: An Interpretation and Application of the Model to Weak Signal Research by Collaborative Design and Group Genius Processes. Journal of Transition Management, (Winter 1997). http://www.mgtaylor.com/mgtaylor/jotm/winter97/millerls.htm
[COLE93] Coleman, Michael Karl. Aesthetics-based Graph Layout for Human Consumption. Masters Thesis, Dept Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles, 1993.
[COLE96] Coleman, Michael Karl & Stott-Parker, D. Aesthetics-based Graph Layout for Human Consumption in Software Practice & Experience. Vol 26 No.12, pp.1415--1438, December 1996.
[COLE99] Cole, R. and Eklund, P. Scalability in Formal Concept Analysis. Computational Intelligence: An International Journal, Vol. 15 No. 1 (1999).
[COLO95] Colon, Carols. Signification of Icons in a Computer GUI. Mar 1995. http://php.indiana.edu/~ccolon/Semiotics/ccolon2.html
[COMP00] Suryanto, H. and Compton, P. Learning Classification Taxonomies From A Classification Knowledge Based System. Proceedings of the First Workshop on Ontology Learning OL'2000 held in conjunction with the Fourteenth European Conference on Artificial Intelligence ECAI'2000, Berlin, Germany, 25 Aug 2000.
[COMP98] Compatangelo, E. and Rumolo, G. An Engineering Framework For Domain Knowledge Modelling. Information Modelling and Knowledge Bases IX, Amsterdam: IOS Press, 1998, pp. 51-65.
[COOK96] Cook, Melissa A. Building Enterprise Information Architectures: Reengineering Information Systems. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1996.
[COOM97] Coombs, Rod and Hull, Richard. The Wider Research Context of Business Process Analysis. Consultancy Report, ESRC Business Processes Resource Centre, Aug 1997, http://bprc.warwick.ac.uk/umist1.html
[COPL96a] Coplien, James O. Pattern Languages for Organization & Process. In [BOWM96], pp. 237-248.
[COPL96b] Coplien, James O. Pattern Mining. In [BOWM96], pp. 265-277.
[COPL98a] Coplien, James O. A Generative Development-Process Pattern Language. In [RISI98], pp.243-300.
[COPL98b] Coplien, James O. Software Design Patterns: Common Questions and Answers. In [RISI98], pp.311-320.
[COPL98c] Coplien, James O. Software Development as Science, Art, and Engineering. In [RISI98], pp.321-332.
[CORK98] Corken, Carla. XML and Information Modelling. XML 98 GCA Conference, Chicago, Illinois, Dec 1998.
[COTT92] Cotterman, W.W. and Senn, J.A. (eds.). Challenges and Strategies for Research in Systems Development. New York: J. Wiley, 1992.
[COUR00] Courtot, Twyla. What To Look For In Packaged Data Models/Databases. Meta Data Conference, Arlington, Virginia, 19-23 Mar 2000.
[COUR98] Courtney, James F.; Croasdell, David T. and Paradice, David B. Inquiring Organizations. Foundations of Information Systems. http://www.cba.uh.edu/~parks/fis/inqorg.htm
[COVE01] Cover, Robin. XML Metadata Interchange (XMI). http://www.oasisopen.org/cover/xmi.html
[COVE98] Cover, Robin. XML and Semantic Transparency in The XML Cover Pages. Revised 24 Nov 1998. http://xml.coverpages.org/xmlAndSemantics.html
[CRAN99] Cranefield, Stephen and Purvis, Martin. UML as an Ontology Modelling Language. Proceedings of the IJCAI-99 Workshop on Intelligent Information Integration held in conjunction with the Sixteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Stockholm, Sweden, 31 Jul 1999.
[CRAW97] Crawley, Stephen; Davis, Scott; Indulska, Jaga; McBride, Simon and Raymond, Kerry. Metameta is better-better! Workshop on Distributed Applications and Interoperable Systems (DAIS), Cottbus, Germany, Sep 1997.
[CROC91] Crockett, H.D.; Guynes, J. and Slinkman, C.W. Framework for Development of Conceptual Data Modelling Techniques. Journal of Information and Software Technology, Vol. 33 No.2 (Mar 91), pp.134-142.
[CROS98] Crossley M.; Davies, J.; McGrath, A. and Rejman-Greene, M. The Knowledge Garden. Proceedings of the Second International Conference Practical Aspects of Knowledge Management (PAKM 98), Basel, Switzerland, 29-30 Oct 1998.
[CURR98] Curran, Thomas and Keller, Gerhard. SAP R/3 Business Blueprint: Understanding the Business Process Reference Model. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1998.
[DAEL94] Daellenbach, Hans G. Systems and Decision Making. A Management Science Approach. Chichester, UK: J. Wiley, 1994.
[DANG95]. Dang, Quang C; Baylis, Terry and Patel, Dilip. Modelling a Business through Soft Systems Methodology in End-User Development: a Claim and an Approach. Proceedings of CAiSE*95 Workshop on Supporting End User Development with Visual Programming and Object-Orientation, Mehandijiev, N. and Bottaci, L. (eds.), Jyvaskyla, Finland, 12 Jun 1995.
[DAST97] Dastani, Mehdi and Indurkhya, Bipin. An Algebraic Approach to Similarity and Categorization. Interdisciplinary Workshop On Similarity and Categorization, Edinburgh, Scotland, 1997.
[DATT78] Datta, Suman and Farradane, Jason E.L. A Psychological Basis for General Classification. Proceedings of the Ottawa Conference on the Conceptual Basis of the Classification of Knowledge, 1-5 Oct 1971, New York: K.G. Saur, 1978, pp. 319-334.
[DAVE90] Davey, B.A. and Priestley, H.A. Introduction to Lattices and Order. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1990.
[DAVE98] Davenport, Thomas H. Putting the Enterprise into the Enterprise System Harvard Business Review, (July/Aug 1998), pp.121-131.
[DAVI93] Davis, R.; Shrobe, H. and Szolovits, P. What is a Knowledge Representation? AI Magazine, Vol. 14 No. 1 (Spring 1993), pp.17-33.
[DAVI99] Davidson, Andrew; Fuchs, Matthew; Hedin, Mette et al. Schema for Object-Oriented XML 2.0. W3C Note 30 July 1999. http://www.w3.org/TR/NOTE-SOX.
[DAWS96] Dawson, Sandra. Analysing Organisations. Basingstoke, UK: Macmillan, 1996.
[DECK00] Decker, Stefan; Melnik, Sergey; Van Harmelen, Frank; Fensel, Dieter; Klein, Michel; Broekstra, Jeen; Erdmann, Michael and Horrocks, Ian. The Semantic Web: The Roles of XML and RDF. IEEE Expert, Vol.15 No. 3, Oct 2000.
[DECK96] Decker, Stefan; Erdmann, Michael and Studer, Ruder. A Unifying View of Business Process Modelling and Knowledge Engineering. Proceedings of the Tenth Workshop on Knowledge Acquisition for Knowledge-Based Systems, Banff, Canada, Nov 1996.
[DECK97] Decker Stefan; Daniel, M.; Erdmann, M. and Studer, R. 1997. An Enterprise Reference Scheme for Integrating Model Based Knowledge Engineering and Enterprise Modelling. Knowledge Acquisition, Modeling and Management, 10th European Workshop, EKAW'97. Plaza, Enric and Benjamins, Richard (eds). Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence. Berlin: Springer. 81-96.
[DECK98] Decker, Stefan and Studer, R. Towards An Enterprise Reference Scheme For Building Knowledge Management Systems. Proceedings of Modellierung 98, Munster, Germany, 1998.
[DELT01] Delteil, A.; Faron-Zucker, C. and Dieng, R.. Learning Ontologies from RDF Annotations. Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Ontology Learning OL'2001 held in conjunction with the 17th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence IJCAI'2001, Seattle, Washington, 4 Aug 2001.
[DEME82] De Mey, Marc. The Cognitive Paradigm. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: D. Reidel, 1982.
[DETR95] De Troyer, O. and Meersman, R. A Logic Framework for a Semantics of Object-Oriented Data Modelling. Proceedings of Fourteenth International Conference In Object-Oriented & Entity-Relationship Modelling (OOER '95), Australia, 13-15 Dec 1995, New York: Springer-Verlag, 1995, pp.238-249.
[DEVI01] de Villiers, D.J. Using the Zachman Framework to Assess the Rational Unified Process. The Rational Edge, Mar 2001. http://www.therationaledge.com/content/mar_01/t_zachman_dv.html
[DEVL91] Devlin, Keith. Logic and Information. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Cambridge University Press, 1991.
[DIMI00] Dimitrov, M. XML Standards for Ontology Exchange. Proceedings of OntoLex 2000: Ontologies and Lexical Knowledge Bases, Sozopol, Bulgaria, 8-10 Sep 2000.
[DORO97] Doroshenko, Eugene Eric. A Model for Research Surveying in Software Methodologies. Eighth Australasian Conference on Information Systems, Sutton, DD (ed), University of South Australia, 1997.
[DOVE96] Dove, Rick; Hartman, Sue and Benson, Steve. An Agile Enterprise Reference Model with a Case Study of Remmele Engineering. An Agility Forum Project AR96-04, Dec 1996.
[DRAS99] Draskic, Jelica; Estrella, Florida and Zsenei, Marton. Using a Meta-Model as the Basis for Enterprise-Wide Data Navigation. Proceedings of the Third IEEE META-DATA Conference, Bethesda, Maryland, 6-7 Apr 1999.
[DUBO98] Dubois, Leonard. Achieving Enterprise Data Quality. The Data Administration Newsletter Issue 6, Sep 1998. http://www.tdan.com/i006fe07.htm
[DUCH00] Duch, W. Similarity Based Methods: A General Framework For Classification, Approximation And Association. Control and Cybernetics Vol. 29, No. 4 (2000).
[DUFF96a] Duffy, Daniel J. Object-Oriented Requirements Analysis, Part 1: Finding Abstractions and Their Relationships. In [BOWM96], pp.95-106.
[DUFF96b] Duffy, Daniel J. Object-Oriented Requirements Analysis, Part 2: Dynamic Modeling. In [BOWM96], pp.107-118.
[DUFF96c] Duffy, Daniel J. Object-Oriented Requirements Analysis, System Responsibilities, Functional Modeling, and Scalability Issues. In [BOWM96] pp.119-127.
[DUMK99] DUMKE, Reiner. A Framework for Software Measurement Evaluation. Proceedings of the Nineth International Workshop of Software Measurement, Magdeburg, Germany, 8-10 Sep 1999.
[EDEN97] Eden, Amnon H.; Gil, Joseph (Yossi) and Yehudai, Amiram. Automating the Application of Design Patterns. Journal of Object Oriented Programming, Vol. 10 No 2. (1997), pp.44-46.
[EDMO95] Edmond, D.; Papazoglou, M.; Russell, N. and Tari, Z. Packaging Knowledge into Metaobjects Working Notes of the Second Workshop Knowledge Representation Meets Databases (KRDB '95), Bielefeld, Germany, 11-12 Sep 1995.
[EDMO99] Edmonds, Bruce. Syntactic Measures of Complexity. Doctoral Thesis, Dept of Philosophy, University of Manchester, 1999.
[EELE98] Eeles, P. and Sims, O. Building Business Objects. New York: J. Wiley, 1998.
[EHRI99] Ehrig, H.; Orejas, F. and Padberg, J. Relevance, Integration and Classification of Specification Formalisms and Formal Specification Techniques. Technical Report No. 99-13, TU BERLIN, Fachbereich Informatik, Aug 1999.
[ENGE98] Engelhardt, Andrea. A Fresh Look At Integrated Business Applications - Neither Package Nor Custom-Made! Australian Journal of Information Systems, Vol. 5 No. 2 (May 1997), pp. 22-31.
[ERIK00] Eriksson, H.-E. and Penker, M. Business Modeling with UML. Business Patterns at Work. New York: J. Wiley, 2000.
[ERLA97] Erlank, Steve. Building Better Systems: A Systems Analyst's Handbook. Cape Town, South Africa: Pro-Sys Publications, 1997.
[EVAN93] Evan, William M. Organization Theory: Research and Design. New York: MacMillan, 1993.
[EVER96] Evernden, R. The Information Framework IBM Systems Journal, Vol. 35 No. 1 (1996), pp.37-68.
[FABR98] Fabbrini, Fabrizio; Fusani, Mario & Gnesi, Stafania. Quality Evaluation based on Architecture Analysis. Proceedings of the International Workshop on the Role of Software Architecture in Testing and Analysis (ROSATEA98), Marsala, Italy, 30-Jun to 3-July 1998. Available at http://www.ics.uci.edu/~djr/rosatea/papers/fusani.pdf.
[FADE94] Fadel, George Fadi; Fox, Mark S. and Gruninger, Michael. A Generic Enterprise Resource Ontology. Proceedings of WET ICE94: Workshop on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises, Morgantown, West Virginia, Apr 1994.
[FALK95] Falkenberg, Eckhard D.; Hesse, Wolfgang and Olive, Antoni (eds). Information System Concepts: Towards a Consolidation of Views. Proceedings of the IFIP International Working Conference On Information System Concepts, London, UK: Chapman & Hall, 1995.
[FARO97] Faro, Alberto and Giordano, Daniela. Between Narration And Drama: Information Systems Modelling Revisited. Proceedings of the European Conference in Information Systems (ECIS'97), pp.384-395.
[FARO95] Farooqui, Kazi and Logrippo, Luigi. On the Notions of Abstraction, Consistency, and Design in the ODP Framework of Viewpoints. Technical Report, Department of Computer Science, University of Ottawa, 1995
[FARQ95] Farquhar, A.; Fikes, R.; Pratt, W. and Rice, J. Collaborative Ontology Construction for Information Integration. Stanford University WWW Archive, http://www-ksl-svc.stanford.edu:5915.
[FAYA99] Fayad, Mohamed E.; Schmidt, Douglas C. and Johnson, Ralph E. Implementing Application Frameworks. Object-Oriented Frameworks at Work. New York: J. Wiley, 1999.
[FENS01a] Fensel, Dieter (ed.). Ontologies and Electronic Commerce. IEEE Intelligent Systems, (Jan/Feb 2001), pp.8-14.
[FENS01b] Fensel, D. Ontologies: Silver Bullet for Knowledge Management and Electronic Commerce. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2001.
[FENS99] Fensel, Dieter; Angele, Jrgen; Decker, Stefan; Erdmann, Michael; Schnurr, Hans-Peter; Staab, Steffen; Studer, Rudi and Witt, Andreas. On2broker: Semantic-Based Access to Information Sources at the WWW. Proceedings of the IJCAI-99 Workshop on Intelligent Information Integration held in conjunction with the Sixteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Stockholm, Sweden, 31 Jul 1999.
[FENT96] Fenton, Norman; Pfleeger, E. and Shari, Lawrence. Software Metrics : A Practical And Rigorous Approach. London, UK: Thomson, 1996.
[FERN99] Fernndez Lpez, M. Overview of Methodologies For Building Ontologies. Proceedings of the IJCAI-99 Workshop on Ontologies and Problem-Solving Methods (KRR5), Stockholm, Sweden, August 2, 1999.
[FERR95] Ferrie, John. Business Processes - A Natural Approach. Talk given at Warwick University on 19 Sep 1995. http://bprc.warwick.ac.uk/forum1.html
[FINK99] Finkelstein, Clive. Meta Data And XML For Business. The Data Administration Newsletter Issue 9, Jun 1999. http://www.tdan.com/i009fe03.htm
[FINK99] Finkelstein, Clive. The Role Of XML In Business Re-Engineering. Paper republished in Building Corporate Portals with XML, Finkelstein, Clive and Aiken, Peter, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1999.
[FINN98] Finneran, Tom. Enterprise Architecture: What And Why? The Data Administration Newsletter Issue 7, Dec 1998. http://www.tdan.com/i007ht03.htm
[FITZ96] Fitzgeral, B. Formalized Systems Development Methodologies: A Critical Perspective. Information Systems Journal, No. 6 (1996), pp.41-68.
[FLES79] Rudolf Flesch. How to Write Plain English: A Book for Lawyers and Consumers London, UK: Harper & Row, 1979.
[FLOR97] Florijn, G.; Meijers, M. and van Winsen, P. Tool Support for Object-Oriented Patterns. Proceedings of ECOOP '97, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1997, pp. 472-495.
[FLYN96] Flynn, Donal J. and Diaz, Olivia Fragoso. Information Modelling. An International Perspective. London, UK: Prentice-Hall, 1996.
[FONG01] Fong, Joseph; Pang, Francis and Bloor, Chris. Converting Relational Database into XML Document. Working Paper, City University of Hong Kong, 2001. Available at http://www.cs.cityu.edu.hk/~jfong/WEBH2001.doc.
[FONT96] Fontana, Walter and Buss, Leo W. The Barrier Of Objects: From Dynamical Systems To Bounded Organizations. Boundaries and Barriers: On the Limits to Scientrtlc Knowledge, Casti, J. and Karlqvist, A. (eds.), pp. 56-116. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley, 1996.
[FORB95] Forbes, Paul. Strategic Thinking: A Role for Soft Systems Methodology. Second Australasian Conference in Strategic Management, La Trobe University, Australia, Apr 1995.
[FORR71] Forrester, Jay W. World Dynamics. Waltham, Massachusetts: Pegasus Communications, 1971.
[FOWL97] Fowler, Martin. Analysis Patterns. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley, 1997.
[FOX93a] Fox, M.S.; Chionglo, J.F. and Fadel, F.G. A Common Sense Model of an Enterprise. Proceedings of the Second Industrial Engineering Research Conference, Northcross, Georgia: Institute for Industrial Engineers, 1993, pp. 425-429.
[FOX93b] Fox, Mark S. and Gruninger, Michael. Ontologies for Enterprise Integration. Unpublished paper, Dept of Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 30 Nov 1993.
[FOX95] Fox, Mark S.; Barbuceanu, Mihai and Gruninger, Michael. An Organisation Ontology for Enterprise Modelling. Preliminary Concepts for Linking Structure and Behaviour. Unpublished paper, Dept. of Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 1995.
[FOX98] Fox M.S. and Gruninger M. Enterprise Modelling. The AI Magazine,(Fall 1998), pp. 109-121.
[FRAN00] Franconi, E. and Ng, G. The Icom tool for Intelligent Conceptual Modeling. Proceedings of the Seventh International Workshop on Knowledge Representation meets Databases (KRDB2000), Berlin, Germany, 21 Aug 1999.
[FRAN92] Frank, Ulrich. Designing Procedures Within An Object-Oriented Enterprise Model. Proceedings of the Third International Working Conference on Dynamic Modelling of Information Systems, Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands, Jun 1992, pp. 365-385.
[FRAN98a] Frank, Ulrich. The MEMO Meta-Meta Model. Arbeitsberichte des Instituts fr Wirtschaftsinformatik (Universitt Koblenz-Landau) No. 9, (Jul 1998).
[FRAN98b] Frank, Ulrich. Evaluating Modelling Languages: Relevant Issues, Epistemological Challenges and a Preliminary Research Framework. Arbeitsberichte des Instituts fr Wirtschaftsinformatik (Universitt Koblenz-Landau) No. 15, (Dec 1998).
[FRAN99a] Frank, Ulrich. MEMO: Visual Languages For Enterprise Modelling. Arbeitsberichte des Instituts fr Wirtschaftsinformatik (Universitt Koblenz-Landau) No. 18, (Jun 1999).
[FRIE98] Friedgan, Alex. A Project Model Is A Constrained Subset Of An Enterprise Model. The Data Administration Newsletter Issue 4, Mar 1998. http://www.tdan.com/i004fe11.htm
[FUNE01] Funes, Pablo. Evolution of Complexity in Real-World Domains. Ph D. Dissertation, Dept. of Computer Science, Brandeis University, 2001.
[FUNK95] Funk, P.; Lewien, A. and Snelting, G. Algorithms for Concept Lattice Decomposition and their Application. Informatik-Bericht, No. 95-09, (1995).
[GALE96] Gale, Thornton and Eldred, James. Getting Results with the Object-oriented Enterprise Model. New York: Prentice-Hall, 1996.
[GALI97] Galitz W.O. The Essential Guide to User Interface Design: An Introduction to GUI Design Principles and Techniques. New York: John Wiley, 1997.
[GALL87] Galliers, Robert. Information Analysis: Selected Readings. Sydney, Australia: Addison-Wesley, 1987.
[GAMM94] Gamma, Erich; Helm, Richard; Johnson, Ralph and Vlissides, John. Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software. New York: Addison-Wesley, 1994.
[GAND00] Gandon, F.; Dieng, R.; Corby, O. and Giboin, A. A Multi-Agent System to Support Exploiting an XML-based Corporate Memory. Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Practical Aspects of Knowledge Management (PAKM 2000). Basel, Switzerland, 30-31Oct 2000.
[GANG98] Gangemi, Aldo; Pisanelli, Gerardo et al. Some Requirements and Experiences in Integrating Terminological Ontologies in Medicine. Proceedings of the Eleventh Workshop on Knowledge Acquisition, Modeling and Management, Banff, Canada, 18-23 Apr 1998.
[GARL93] Garlan and Shaw. An Introduction to Software Architecture in Advances in Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, vol. I. New York: World Scientific Publishing Company, 1993.
[GEIS98a] Geisler, R.; Klar, M. and Pons, C. Dimensions and Dichotomy in Metamodeling. Proceedings of the Third BCS-FACS Northern Formal Methods Workshop. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, September 1998.
[GEIS98b] Geisler, R. Precise UML Semantics Through Formal Metamodeling. Proceedings of the OOPSLA'98 Workshop on Formalizing UML. Why? How? Andrade, L.; Moreira, A.; Deshpande, A. and Kent, S. (eds.) 1998.
[GENN98] Gennari, John H.; Grosso, William and Musen, Mark. A Method-Description Language: An Initial Ontology with Examples. Proceedings of the Eleventh Workshop on Knowledge Acquisition, Modeling and Management, Banff, Canada, 18-23 Apr 1998.
[GEOR99] Georgalas, Nektarios. A Framework that Uses Repositories for Information Systems and Knowledge Integration. Proceedings of the ASSET99 Symposium on Application-Specific Systems and Software Engineering Technology, IEEE Computer Society, Dallas, Texas, 24-27 Mar 1999.
[GERB96] Gerb, Olivier; Guay, B. and Perron, M. Using Conceptual Graphs For Methods Modeling. Conceptual Structures: Knowledge Representation as Interlingua, Lecture Notes in AI 1115, P. W. Eklund, G. Ellis, and Mann, G. (eds.), Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1996, pp. 161-174.
[GIAG99] Giaglis, George M. On The Integrated Design And Evaluation Of Business Processes And Information Systems. Communications of AIS, Vol. 2, Article 5, Jul 1999.
[GILL97a] Gillies, Alan. Software Quality: Theory and Management. London, UK: Thomson, 1997.
[GILL97b] Gillman, Daniel W. Building A Statistical Metadata Repository. Proceedings of the Second IEEE Metadata Conference, Silver Spring, Maryland, 16-17 Sep 1997.
[GLAS01] GL Associates. Chart of Accounts Design: Your Financial Data Warehouse. http://www.glassoc.com/COA.asp.
[GLAS98] Glass, Robert L. Enterprise Resource Planning - Breakthrough and/or Term Problem? The DATA BASE for Advances in Information Systems, Vol. 29 No. 2 (1998), pp. 14-16.
[GODI93] Godin, Robert and Mili, Hafedh. Building and Maintaining Analysis-Level Class Hierarchies Using Galois Lattices. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Languages, and Applications (OOPSLA '93), Paepcke, A. (ed.), Washington, DC: ACM Press, pp. 394-410.
[GODI95] Godin, Robert; Missaoui, R. and Alaoui, H. Incremental Concept Formation Algorithms Based On Galois (Concept) Lattices. Computational Intelligence, Vol. 11 No. 2 (1995), pp. 246-267.
[GODI97] Godin, Robert; Mili, Hafedh; Mineau, Guy W. et al. Design of Class Hierarchies Based On Concept (Galois) Lattices. Theory and Application of Object Systems, Vol. 4 No.2 (1997) pp. 117-134.
[GOGI95] Gogic, G.; Kautz, H.A.; Papadimitriou, C. and Selman, B. The Comparative Linguistics Of Knowledge Representation. Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-95), 1995, pp. 862-869.
[GOGO99] Gogolla, Martin; Radfelder, Oliver and Richters, Mark. A UML Semantics FAQ - The View from Bremen. Proceedings of the ECOOP'99 Workshop on UML Semantics. University of Brighton, 1999.
[GOOS00] Goosenaerts, R. Industrial Semiosis: Founding the Deployment of the Ubiquitous Information Infrastructure. Computers in Industry Vol. 43 (2000), pp. 189-201.
[GOME99] Gomez-Prez, A. and Benjamins, V.R. Overview of Knowledge Sharing and Reuse Components: Ontologies and Problem-Solving Methods. Proceedings of the IJCAI-99 Workshop on Ontologies and Problem-Solving Methods held in conjunction with the Sixteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Stockholm, Sweden, 2 Aug 1999.
[GORD96] Gordon, K.I. The Why Of Data Standards - Do You Really Know Your Data? http://www.island.net/~gordon/whystds.htm.
[GORM98] Gorman, Michael. Data Model Evaluation Workplan. The Data Administration Newsletter Issue 5, Jun 1998. http://www.tdan.com/i005fe05.htm
[GRAD92] Grady, Robert B. Practical Software Metrics For Project Management And Process Improvement. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1992.
[GRAH96] Graham, Ian. A Non-Procedural Process Model for Object-Oriented Software Development. In [BOWM96], pp.67-70.
[GREE91] Green, T.R.G.; Petre, M. and Bellamy, R.K.E. Comprehensibility of Visual and Textual Programs: The Test of Superlativism Against the Match-Mismatch Conjectures. Proceedings of Empirical Studies of Programmers: Fourth Workshop, 1991, pp. 121-146.
[GREE95] Greenwood, R.M.; Robertson, L.; Snowdon, R.A. and Warboys, B.C. Active Models in Business. Proceedings of Fifth Annual Conference on Business Information Technology, BIT `95, Department of Business Information Technology, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1995.
[GROS98] Grosso, William E.; Gennari, John H.; Fergerson, Ray W. and Musen, Mark A. When Knowledge Models Collide (How it Happens and What to Do). Proceedings of the Eleventh Workshop on Knowledge Acquisition, Modeling and Management, Banff, Canada, 18-23 Apr 1998.
[GRUB93a] Gruber, Thomas R. Toward Principles for the Design of Ontologies Used for Knowledge Sharing. Technical Report KSL 93-04, Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University.
[GRUB93b] Gruber T.R. A Translation Approach To Portable Ontologies. Knowledge Acquisition, Vol. 5 No. 2 (1993), pp.199-200.
[GRUH95] Gruhn, Volker; Pahl, Claus and Wever, Monika. Data Model Evolution as a Basis of Business Process Management. Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference In Object-Oriented & Entity-Relationship Modelling (OOER '95), Australia, 13-15 Dec 1995, New York: Springer-Verlag, 1995, pp.270-281.
[GRUN96a] Grundy, John C. and Venable, John R. Towards An Integrated Environment For Method Engineering. In [BRIN96], pp. 45-62.
[GRUN96b] Gruninger, M. and Fox, M.S. The Logic of Enterprise Modelling. In [BERN96a], pp.140-157.
[GRUN96c] Gruninger, Michael. Designing and Evaluating Generic Ontologies. Working Paper, Department. of Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Jul 1996.
[GRUN97b] Gruninger, M., et al. Using Process Requirements as the Basis for the Creation and Evaluation of Process Ontologies for Enterprise Modeling. ACM SIGGROUP Bulletin Special Issue on Enterprise Modelling, Vol. 18 No. 3 (Aug 1997).
[GUAR00] Guarino, N. and Welty, C. A Formal Ontology of Properties. LADSEB/CNR Internal Report 01/2000 (draft). Jan 2000.
[GUAR00] Guarino, N. Semantic Matching: Formal Ontological Distinctions for Information Organization, Extraction, and Integration. Information Extraction: A Multidisciplinary Approach to an Emerging Information Technology, Pazienza, M.T. (ed.), Berlin: Springer-Verlag, pp.139-170.
[GUAR92] Guarino, N. Concepts, Attributes, and Arbitrary Relations: Some Linguistic and Ontological Criteria for Structuring Knowledge Bases. Data and Knowledge Engineering Vol. 8 (1992), pp. 249-261.
[GUAR94a] Guarino, N. The Ontological Level. Invited paper presented at IV Wittgenstein Symposium, Kirchberg, Austria, 1993. Philosophy and the Cognitive Sciences, R. Casati, B. Smith and G. White (eds.), Vienna, Austria: Hlder-Pichler-Tempsky, 1994.
[GUAR94b] Guarino, N.; Carrara, M. and Giaretta, P. Formalizing Ontological Commitments. AAAI'94, Seattle, Washington, 1994.
[GUAR94c] Guarino, N.; Carrara, M. and Giaretta, P. An Ontology of Meta-Level Categories. KR'94, Bonn, Germany, 1994.
[GUAR95a] Guarino N., Formal Ontology, Conceptual Analysis and Knowledge Representation. International Journal of Human and Computer Studies, Special Issue on The Role of Formal Ontology in the Information Technology, Guarino, N. and Poli, R. (eds.) Vol. 43 No. 5/6 (1995).
[GUAR95b] Guarino, N. and Giaretta, P. Ontologies and Knowledge Bases: Towards a Terminological Clarification. Towards Very Large Knowledge Bases, Mars, N.J.I. (ed.), Amsterdam: IOS Press, 1995
[GUAR96] Guarino, N. Understanding, Building, and Using Ontologies. Proceedings of the Knowledge Acquisition Workshop - KAW'96, Banff, Canada, 9-14 Nov 1996. http://ksi.cpsc.ucalgary.ca/KAW/KAW96/guarino/guarino.html
[GUAR97] Guarino, N. Semantic Matching: Formal Ontological Distinctions for Information Organization, Extraction, and Integration Summer School on Information Extraction, Frascati, Italy, Jul 1997, pp.139-170.
[GUAR97a] Guarino, N. Understanding, Building and Using Ontologies. A Commentary to Using Explicit Ontologies in KBS Development. by van Heijst, Schreiber, and Wielinga. International Journal of Human and Computer Studies, Vol. 46 No. 2/3 (1997), pp. 293-310.
[GUAR97b] Guarino, N. Some Organizing Principles for a Unified Top-Level Ontology. Revised version of a paper presented at AAAI 1997 Spring Symposium on Ontological Engineering (LADSEB-CNR Int. Rep. 02/97).
[GUAR98] Guarino, N. Formal Ontology in Information Systems Proceedings of the First International Conference FOIS'98, Trento, Italy, 6-8 Jun 1998. Guarino, N. (ed.), Amsterdam: IOS Press.
[GUAR99a] Guarino, N. Avoiding IS-A Overloading: The Role of Identity Conditions in Ontology Design. Proceedings of the IJCAI-99 Workshop on Intelligent Information Integration held in conjunction with the Sixteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Stockholm, Sweden, 31 Jul 1999.
[GUAR99b] Guarino, N.; Masolo, C. and Vetere G. OntoSeek: Content-Based Access to the Web. IEEE Intelligent Systems Vol. 14 No. 3 (May/June 1999), pp. 70-80.
[GUEL97] Guelfi, N.; Biberstein, O.; Buchs, D.; Canver, E.; Gaudel, M.-C.; von Henke, F. and D. Schwier. Comparison of Object-Oriented Formal Methods. Technical Report of the Esprit Long Term Research Project 20072 Design For Validation, Department of Computing Science, 1997.
[GUST95] Gustas, R. A Basis for Integration within Enterprise Modelling. Second International Conference on Concurrent Engineering: Reasearch and Applications, Washington, DC, 23-25 Aug 1995, pp. 107-120.
[GUST96] Gustas, R.; Bubenko, J. Jr. and Wangler, B. Goal Driven Enterprise Modelling: Bridging Pragmatic and Semantic Descriptions of Information Systems. Information Modelling and Knowledge Bases VII, Tanaka, Y.; Kangassalo, H.; Jaakola, H. and Yamamoto, A. (eds.), Amsterdam: IOS Press, 1996, pp. 73-91.
[GUST99] Gustavsson, Henrik; Lings, Brian; Lundell, Bjrn; Burman, Per and Palmquist, Kristian. An Evaluation Of CDIF Support For Behavioural Modelling. Proceedings of the Third IEEE META-DATA Conference, Bethesda, Maryland, 6-7 Apr 1999.
[HAHN98] Hahn, U. and Schnattinger, K. Towards Text Knowledge Engineering. Proceedings of the Fiteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence AAAI'98, 1998, pp. 524-531.
[HAIN92] Hainaut, J.-L.; Cadelli, M.; Decuyper, B. and Marchand, O. Database CASE Tool Architecture: Principles for Flexible Design Strategies. Proceedings of the CAiSE'92 Conference, Manchester, May 1992, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1992.
[HALL90] Hall, J.A. Seven Myths of Formal Methods. IEEE Software, Vol. 7 No. 5 (Sep. 1990), pp.11-19.
[HALP01] Halpin, Terry. Augmenting UML with Fact-Orientation. Workshop proceedings: UML: A Critical Evaluation and Suggested Future, HICCS-34 Conference, Maui, Hawaii, Jan 2001.
[HALP99] Halpin, Terry and Bloesch, Anthony. Data Modeling in UML and ORM: A Comparison. The Journal of Database Management, Vol. 10 No. 4 (Oct-Dec 1999), pp. 4-13.
[HAMM90] Hammer, Michael and McLeod, Dennis. Database Description with SDM: A Semantic Database Model. In [CARD90], pp. 34-69.
[HARE96] Harel, D. Executable Object Modeling with Statecharts. Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Conference on Software Engineering, IEEE Computer Society Press, Jan 1996, pp. 246-257.
[HARM01] Harmon, S. Modeling Complex Information Systems: Shimmering of the Mirage in Simulation. Technology Magazine, Vol. 51 (2001).
[HART90] Hartsfield, Nora and Ringel, Gerhardt. Pearls in Graph Theory: A Comprehensive Introduction. Boston, Massachusetts: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1990.
[HAUS01] Haustein, S. Semantic Web Languages: RDF vs. SOAP Serialisation. Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on the Semantic Web - SemWeb'2001, Hong Kong, China, 1 May 2001.
[HAUS92] Hausen, Hans-Ludwig. A Software Assessment and Certification Advisor. Proceedings of the 1992 ACM annual conference on Communications, Apr 1992, pp. 309-316.
[HAY00] Hay, David C. Data Model Views. The Data Administration Newsletter Issue 12, Apr 2000. http://www.tdan.com/i012ht01.htm
[HAY96] Hay, David C. Data Model Patterns. London, UK: Dorset House, 1996.
[HAY98a] Hay, David C. Advanced Data Model Patterns. http://www.tdan.com/i005fe03.htm
[HAY98b] Hay, David C. Patterns and the Zachman Framework. The Data Administration Newsletter Issue 4, March 1998. http://www.tdan.com/i004fe07.htm
[HAYE99] Hayes, Glenda and Daniels, Robert M., Jr. The Next Desktop Revolution: End-user Metadata. Proceedings of the Third IEEE META-DATA Conference, Bethesda, Maryland, 6-7 Apr 1999.
[HEIL96] Heiler, Sandra; Miller, Rene J. and Ventrone, Vincent. Using Metadata to Address Problems of Semantic Interoperability in Large Object Systems. Proceedings of the First IEEE Metadata Conference, Silver Spring, Maryland, 16-18 Apr 1996.
[HEIN01] Heinrich, Larry. Using Template Data Models To Build The Data Warehouse Informix Technotes Volume 7 (1991), Issue 1. Available online at http://www.adrm.com/1_infoart.htm (12-Jul-2002).
[HEND96] Henderson-Sellers, Brian. Object-Oriented Metrics : Measures of Complexity. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1996.
[HENS94] Henschel, R. and Bateman, J. The Merged Upper Model: a Linguistic Ontology for German and English. Proceedings of COLING '94, Kyoto, Japan, Aug 1994.
[HEYL92] Heylighen, Francis and Joslyn, Cliff. What is Systems Theory. Principia Cybernetica Web. Heylighen, F.; Joslyn, C. and Turchin, V. (eds.) Brussels: Principia Cybernetica, http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/SYSTHEOR.htm
[HICK99] Hicks, David; Tochtermann, Klaus; Rose, Thomas and Eich, Stefan. Using Meta-Data to Support Customization. Proceedings of the Third IEEE META-DATA Conference, Bethesda, Maryland, 6-7 Apr 1999.
[HIRS89] Hirschheim, Rudy and Klein, Heinz K. Four Paradigms of Information Systems Development. Communications of the ACM, Vol. 32 (Oct 1989), pp.1199-1216.
[HIRS97] Hirschheim, R.; Iivari, J. and Klein, H.K. A Comparison of Five Alternative Approaches to Information Systems. AJIS, Vol. 5 No. 1 (Sep 1997), pp. 3-28.
[HO99] Ho, Ho-Chun. Seeking Science in Art: Meta-Level Modeling. In DM Review, March 1999, p. 2-6.
[HOGA97] Hogan, Jer. An Analysis of OO Software Metrics. CS-RR-324. Coventry, UK. 1997. citeseer.nj.nec.com/hogan97analysi.html
[HOLL98] Hollocks, B.W. The Role of Models in Leveraging Information Proceedings of the Second International Conference Practical Aspects of Knowledge Management (PAKM 98), Basel, Switzerland, 29-30 Oct 1998.
[HOLZ97] Holzmann, Gerard J. The Model Checker SPIN. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, Vol. 23 No. 5 (May 1997), pp.279-295.
[HOMM98] Hommes, Bart-Jan. Analysing the Quality of a Business Modelling Technique. Unpublished Masters Thesis, Delft University of Technology,1998.
[HONK98] Honkela, Timo. Self-organizing Maps in Natural Language Processing. Doctoral Thesis, Helsinki University of Technology, 1998.
[HOUD97] Houdek, Frank and Kempter, Hubert. Quality PatternsAn Approach To Packaging Software Engineering Experience. ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes. Proceedings of the 1997 Symposium on Software Reusability, May 1997, pp. 81-88.
[HOUS77] House, William C. (ed.) Business Simulation for Decision Making. New York: Petrocelli Books, 1977.
[HOVY93] Hovy, E. and Nirenberg, S. Approximating an Interlingua in a Principled Way. Technical Report ISI/RR-93-345, Los Angeles, California: USC/Information Sciences Institute, Feb 1993.
[HSU94] Hsu, Cheng; Cho, Jangha; Yee, Lester and Rattner, Lauire. Core Information Model: A Practical Solution to Costly Integration Problems. Computers and Industrial Engineering, (Aug 1994).
[HUBE94] Huber, H. The Problems Of Data Modeling In Software Practice. Proceedings of the First Workshop Knowledge Representation Meets Databases (KRDB '94), Saarbrcken, Germany, 20-22 Sep 1994.
[HUC97] Huc, Claude; Levoir, Thierry and Nonon-Latapie, Michel. Metadata : Models and Conceptual Limits. Proceedings of the Second IEEE Metadata Conference, Silver Spring, Maryland, 16-17 Sep 1997.
[HULL90] Hull, Richard and King, Roger. A Tutorial on Semantic Database Modeling. In [CARD90], pp. 1-3.
[HUTC01] Hutchinson, William and Warren, Matthew. The Nature of Data: Illusions of Reality. Informing Science, (Jun 2001), pp. 262-267.
[HUTT94] Hutt, Andrew T. (ed.) Object Analysis and Design. Description of Methods. New York: J. Wiley, 1994.
[HYAT96] Hyatt, L. A Software Quality Model and Metrics for Identifying Project Risks and Assessing Software Quality in Proceedings of the 8th Annual Software Technology Conference, Utah, April, 1996.
[IBRA02a] O. Ibrahimov, I. Sethi, and N. Dimitrova, "The Performance Analysis of a Chi-square Similarity Measure for Topic Related Clustering of Noisy Transcripts." In Proc. of 16th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR-2002), Quebec, Canada, 11-15 August 2002, Vol. 4, pp. 285-288.
[IBRA02b] O. Ibrahimov, I. Sethi, and N. Dimitrova, "Novel Similarity Based Clustering Algorithm for Grouping Broadcast News." Proc. of SPIE Conf. 'Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery: Theory, Tools, and Technology IV', Vol. 4730, April 1-4, 2002, Orlando, Florida, pp. 394-304.
[IEEE92] IEEE Standard 1061-1992. Standard for a Software Quality Metrics Methodology. New York: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1992.
[IEEE01] IEEE. Archive Standards in the Software Engineering Standards Subscription. http://standards.ieee.org/catalog/olis/arch_swe.html.
[IIVA98] Iivari, Juhani; Hirschheim, Rudy and Klein, Heinz K. A Paradigmatic Analysis Contrasting Information Systems Development Approaches and Methodologies. Information Systems Research, Vol. 9 No. 2, (Jun 1998), pp. 164-193.
[INMO97] Inmon, W.H.; Zachman, John A. and Geiger, Jonathan G. Data Stores, Data Warehousing and the Zachman Framework: Managing Enterprise Knowledge. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1997.
[INMO99] Inmon, William H. Using the Generic Data Model. Unpublished White Paper. http://www.billinmon.com/library/whiteprs/earlywp/ttgendm.pdf
[ISAA99] Isaacs, Jeffrey D. and Aslam, Javed A. Investigating Measures for Pairwise Document Similarity. PCS-TR99-357, 1999.
[ISAK95] Isakowitz, Toms; Schocken, Shimon and Lucas, Henry C. Toward a Logical/Physical Theory of Spreadsheet Modelling. ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS), Vol. 13 No. 1 (Jan 1995), pp. 1-37.
[ISO87] ISO. Information Processing Systems -- Concepts And Terminology For The Conceptual Schema And The Information Base. ISO, Technical Report 9007, 1987.
[ISO98] ISO. Software Product Quality. ISO/IEC , Technical Report 9126, 1998.
[ISXC91] ISX Corporation. LOOM Users Guide version 1.4. 9 Aug 1991.
[JACK95] Jackson, M. Software Requirements and Specification. Wokingham,UK: ACM Press, Addison-Wesley, 1995.
[JACK97] Jackson, Michele H. Assessing the Structure of Communication on the World Wide Web. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, Vol. 3 No. 1 (Jun 1997).
[JACO92] Jacobson, Ivar. Object-Oriented Software Engineering: A Use Case Driven Approach. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley, 1992.
[JACO94] Jacobson, Ivar, et al. The Object Advantage: Business Process Reengineering with Object Technology. New York: Addison-Wesley, 1994.
[JACO96] Jacobson, lvar; Palmkvist, Karin and Dyrhage, Susanne. Systems of Interconnected Systems. In [BOWM96], pp.81-93.
[JANO98a] Janowski, T.; Hongjun, Z. and Lugo, G.G. Market-Driven Symbolic Execution of Models of Manufacturing Enterprises. Second IEEE International Conference on Formal Engineering Methods, IEEE Computer Press, 1998.
[JANO98b] Janowski, T.; Lugo, G.G. and Zheng, H. Composing Enterprise Models: The Extended and the Virtual Enterprise. Intelligent Systems for Manufacturing: Multi-Agent Systems and Virtual Organizations, London, UK: Chapman and Hall, 1998, pp. 185-194.
[JANO98c] Janowski, T.;Atienza, R.V. and Lugo, G.G. Integrating Enterprise Models and Models for Marketing Analysis. Second IFIP Conference on Design of Information Infrastructure Systems for Manufacturing, London, UK: Chapman and Hall, 1998.
[JARK93a] Jarke, M.; Bubenko, J.; Rolland, C. and Sutcliffe, A. Theories Underlying Requirements Engineering: An Overview of NATURE at Genesis. Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering, IEEE CS Press, 1993, pp. 19-33.
[JARK93b] Jarke, M. and Pohl, K. Vision Driven System Engineering. Information System Development Process, IFIP Transactions, Prakash, N., Rolland, C. and Pernici, B. (eds.), Amsterdam: North-Holland ,1993, pp. 3-22.
[JARV88] Jarvenpaa, S.L. and Dickson, G.W. Graphics and Managerial Decision Making: Research Based Guidelines. Communications of the ACM, Vol. 31 No. 6 (Jun 1988), pp. 764-774.
[JARZ95] Jarzabek, Stan and Ling, Tok Wang. A Conceptual Model for Business Re-engineering Methods and Tools Proceedings of Fourteenth International Conference In Object-Oriented & Entity-Relationship Modelling (OOER '95), Australia, 13-15 Dec 1995, New York: Springer-Verlag, 1995, pp. 260-269.
[JAYA94] Jayaratna, Nimal. Understanding and Evaluating Methodologies. NIMSAD: A Systemic Framework. London, UK: McGraw-Hill, 1994.
[JEUS01] Jeusfeld, Manfred A. and de Moor, Aldo. Concept Integration Precedes Enterprise Integration. Proceedings of the Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 3-6, Maui, Hawaii, Jan 2001.
[JICP96] JICPA Information Systems Committee. General Requirements of Accounting Information Systems, Study Report No.14, Japanese Institute of Certified Public Accountants, Oct 1996.
[JOHN01] Johnson, Ralph. Accounts: A Framework for Business Transaction Processing. http://st-www.cs.uiuc.edu/users/johnson/Accounts.html
[JOHN87] Johnson, C.K. and Johnson, R.K. Readability. School Science Review, Vol. 68 (1987), pp. 565-568.
[JOHN92] Johnson, Ralph E. Documenting Frameworks using Patterns. Proceedings of OOPSLA '92, Vancouver, October 1992. New York: ACM Press, pp. 63-72.
[JOHN98a] Johnson, Ralph E. Introduction to Patterns. In [RISI98], pp. 353-360.
[JOHN98b] Johnson, Ralph E. Patterns and Frameworks. In [RISI98], pp. 375-382
[JOHN98c] John, E.G. Simplified Curve Fitting using Spreadsheet Add-ins. International Journal of Engineering Education, Vol. 14 No 5 (1998), pp. 375-380.
[JONK99] Jonker, Willem; Nijenhuis, Wim; Damen, Zef and Verwijmeren, Martin. Workflow Management Systems and Cross-Organisational Logistics. Proceedings of the Workshop on Cross-Organisational Workflow Management and Co-ordination, San Francisco, California, 22 Feb 1999.