Murray Leibbrandt

Books, Journal Articles and Book Chapters

“Orphanhood and Schooling in South Africa: Trends in the Vulnerability of Orphans Between 1993 and 2005”. (Forthcoming, 2010) Economic Development and Cultural Change. (Co-author with Cally Ardington).

“The impact of AIDS on intergenerational support in South Africa: Evidence from the Cape Area Panel Study” (Forthcoming, 2009) Research on Aging. (Co-author with Cally Ardington, Anne Case, Mahnaz Islam, David Lam and Alicia Menendez). Earlier version published as SALDRU Working Paper Number 27, February 2009.

“The Measurement of Poverty in South Africa: Some Technical Issues”. (Forthcoming, 2009). In Hoebink, P and Desai, A. (Eds). The Poverty Challenge: Poverty Reduction in (South) Africa, India and Brazil. Durban. Durban: University of KwaZulu-Natal Press. (Co-author with Ingrid Woolard).

“Education and Youth Unemployment in South Africa”. (2009) In Kanbur, R and Svejnar, J. (Eds). Labour Markets and Economic Development, New York: Routledge.

(Co-author with David Lam and Cecil Mlatsheni). An earlier version of this chapter was published as SALDRU Working Paper Number 22. Cape Town: SALDRU.

" Poverty and Inequality Dynamics in South Africa: Post-apartheid Developments in the Light of the Long-Run Legacy". (2009). Chapter 10 in Aron, J., Kahn, B. and Kingdon, G. (Eds.) South African Economic Policy under Democracy. Oxford: Oxford University Press. (Co-author with Ingrid Woolard and Christopher Woolard).

“Simulating the employment prospects of rural migrants in an urban setting: What can we learn from survey data?” (2008). In “Migrants’ Experiences within the South African Labour Market”, <>Voyage Ensemble - Special Issue, Scalabrini Centre of Cape Town. ISBN: 978-0-620-42214-7 (Co-author with Cecil Mlatsheni).

“Magnitudes, Personal Characteristics and Activities of Eastern Cape Migrants:  A Comparison with Other Migrants and with Non-migrants Using Data from the 1996 and 2001 Censuses”. (2008) South African Journal of Demography. 11(1):3-38. (Co-author with Nalen Naidoo and Rob Dorrington)

“Linking Poverty and Income Shocks to Risky Sexual Behaviour: Evidence from a Panel Study of Young Adults in Cape Town”. (2008) South African Journal of Economics, 76(S1): S52-S74. (Co-author with Taryn Dinkelman and David Lam).

“Household and Community Income, Economic Shocks and Risky Sexual Behaviour: Evidence from the Cape Area Panel Study 2002 and 2005”. (2007) AIDS, 21(Supplement 7): S49-S58 (Co-author with Taryn Dinkelman and David Lam).

“The Financial Impact of HIV/AIDS in Poor Households in South Africa”. (2007). AIDS, 21 (Supplement 7): S75-S82. (Co-author with Daryl Collins).

“Trade-Induced Employment Changes: Promising or Problematic for Poor Households in South Africa?” (2007) Studies in Economics and Econometrics, 31(2):89-108. (Co-author with Kalie Pauw and Lawrence Edwards).

“Measuring Recent Changes in South African Inequality and Poverty Using 1996 and 2001 Census Data”. (2006). Chapter 3 in Bhorat, H. and Kanbur, R. Poverty and Policy in Post-Apartheid South Africa. Pages: 95-142. Pretoria: HSRC Press. (Co-author with Poswell, L. Naidoo, P.  and Welch, M.). A shortened version was published as “Changes in Inequality and Poverty” New Agenda, 23, Third Quarter (2006): 20-26.

“Labour Force Withdrawal of the Elderly in South Africa” (2006). Chapter 7 in Cohen, B. Aging in Sub-Saharan Africa: Recommendations for Furthering Research. Pages: 214-249. Washington: National Academy of Sciences.  (Co-author with Lam, D.  and Ranchhod, V.). 

“Determinants of job search strategies: Evidence from the Khayelitsha/ Mitchell's Plain Survey (2006)” South African Journal of Economics. 74(4): 702-24. (Co-author with Volker Schöer).

Introduction to Special Edition. (2006) Economic Modelling. 23: 73. (Co-author with J. Fedderke).

The Sensitivity of Estimates of Post-Apartheid Changes in South African Poverty and Inequality to Key Data Imputations. (2006) Economic Modelling. 23: 822-835 (Co-author with C. Ardington, C. , Lam, D. and Welch, M.).

"Earnings and Employment Dynamics for Africans in Post-apartheid South Africa: A Panel Study of KwaZulu-Natal" (2005) Journal of African Economies, 14(3): 143-190. (Co-author with Fields, G. and Cichello, P.).

“Social Assistance, Gender and the Aged in South Africa”. (2005). Feminist Economics 11(2): 101-114. (Co-author with Burns, J. and M. Keswell, M.).

“South African Poverty and Inequality: Measuring the Changes”. (2004) In Brown, S and Folscher, A., (Eds) Taking Power in the Economy: Gains and Directions: 76-91. Cape Town: Institute for Justice and Reconciliation. (Co-author with Naidoo, P, Poswell, L, Welch, M and Woolard, I.).

“Savings, Insurance and Debt Over the Post-apartheid Period: A Review of Recent Research and an Exploration of Policy Implications”. (2004). South African Journal of Economics. 72(3): 604-620. (Co-author with Ardington, C, Lam, D. and J. Levinsohn).

“Demand for Healthcare Services in Nigeria: A Multivariate Nested Logit Model”. (2003). African Development Review 15(2): 396-424. (Co-author with Ichoku, H).

"Income Mobility and Household Dynamics in South Africa: the Case of Africans in KwaZulu-Natal”. (2002). Labour Markets and Social Frontiers, 2:5-11. (Co-author with Woolard, I. and S Klasen).

“The Labour Market and Household Income Inequality in South Africa: Existing Evidence and New Panel Data”. (2001). Journal of International Development 13: 671-89. (Co-author with Ingrid Woolard).

“Household Inequality and the Labour Market in South Africa”. (2001).  Contemporary Economic Policy. 19(1): 73-86. (Co-author with H Bhorat and I Woolard).

“Are African Workers Getting Ahead in the New South Africa? Evidence from Kwazulu-Natal, 1993-1998” (2001) Social Dynamics 27(1). (Co-author with Paul Cichello and Gary Fields).

Fighting Poverty: Labour Markets and Inequality in South Africa. (2001).  University of Cape Town Press.  ISBN: 191971362X. 252 pages. This book is the output of the two year project funded by the African Economic Research Consortium and the South African Department of Labour.  I was the project leader.  I was co-author of 6 of the 9 Chapters:

• “Introduction”.  Pp1-20.  (Co-author with Servaas van der Berg and Haroon Bhorat)
• “Understanding Contemporary Household Inequality in South Africa”.  Pp. 21-40.  (Co-author with Ingrid Woolard and Haroon Bhorat).
• “Measuring Poverty in South Africa”.    Pp. 41-73. (Co-author with Ingrid Woolard).
• “Correlates of Vulnerability in the South African Labour Market”.  Pp. 74-107.  (Co-author with Haroon Bhorat).
• “Modelling Vulnerability in the South African Labour Market”.  Pp.107-29.  (Co-author with Haroon Bhorat).
• “Household Incomes, Poverty and Inequality in a Multivariate Framework”.  Pp130-54. (Co-author with Ingrid Woolard).

“Which African Workers Have Gotten Ahead and by How Much? The Story of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, 1993-98”. Final Report for Project Commissioned by the South African Treasury. 2001. (Co-author with Gary Fields and Paul Cichello).

"Towards an Understanding of South Africa's Inequality". (2000).  In Elbadawi, I and T. Hartzenberg (Eds) Transitional and Long-Term Development Issues in South Africa:14-50. London: Macmillan.  (Co-author with H. Bhorat and I. Woolard).

“Introduction to Special Edition”. (2000). Studies in Economics and Econometrics. 24(3): 1-6. (Co author with N. Nattrass).  Professor Nattrass and I were guest editors of this edition of Studies in Economics and Econometrics.

“Understanding Contemporary Household Inequality in South Africa”. (2000).  Studies in Economics and Econometrics. 24(3): 31-52. (Co author with H Bhorat and I Woolard). 

"The Contribution of Income Components to South African Income Inequality: A Decomposable Gini Analysis". (2000) Journal of African Economies. 9(1):79-99.

(Co-author with I. and C. Woolard). An earlier version was published as "The Contribution of Income Components to South African Income Inequality: A Decomposable Gini Analysis". Living Standards Measurement Study, Working Paper No. 125.  1996. Washington: The World Bank.

“Poverty and the Labour Market”. (2000). In May, J (Ed.) Poverty and Inequality in South Africa: Meeting the Challenge. 73-96. Cape Town: David Philip.

 “Provincial Poverty Comparisons in South Africa”. (1999). Development Southern Africa 16(1): 37-54. (Co-author with I. Woolard).

“The Impact of the Marketing of Agricultural Products Bill, 1996: Restructuring within the Wheat Industry”.  (1998). Agrekon. September. (Co-author with L. Edwards).

"Poverty and self-employment in South Africa".  (1998). Studies in Economics and Econometrics 22(3): 25-41. (Co-author with H. Bhorat).

"Understanding Unemployment". In Baskin (Ed.) (1996) Against the Current: Labour and Economic Policy In South Africa.  143-164. Johannesburg: Ravan Press.  (Co-author with H. Bhorat).

Review of M. Neocosmos "The Agrarian Question in Southern Africa and Accumulation from Below". Journal of Contemporary African Studies. 13(1): 129-133, 1995.

"Separate Developments: The Differential Impact of Homeland Policy on Two Rural Ciskeian  Villages", Development Southern Africa, 11(2): 159-176, May 1994.  (Co-author with C. de Wet).

"Productivity Growth in the South African Manufacturing Sector: Deriving and Assessing Neoclassical TFP Measures". In Kruger, K. (Ed.) Industrial Policy and Development in South Africa. Sandton: Industrial Development Corporation, 1993. (Co-author with T. Wright and T. Bell).

"Land Reform and Regional Economy: A Ciskeian Case Study".  In Matlhape S and A Munz (1991) (Eds.) Towards a New Agrarian Democratic Order. 51-67. Amsterdam: SAERT Project.  (Co-author with C. de Wet).

"Commercial Services and Rural-Urban Linkages". Reality, January, 1990.

"Geographical Location, Access to Services and Employment, and Economic Well-Being in two Rural Ciskei Villages". Reality, January 1990. (Co-author with C. de Wet).

"The Present and the Future in South Africa's Rural Areas". Reality, May 1989.

"The Phillips Trade ‑ Off and Policy Implications for Developing Countries".  In Black P.  and B. Dollery  (1989) (Eds.)  Leading Issues in South African Macroeconomics. Johannesburg: Southern Book Publishers. (Co‑author with P. Black).

"Income and Wealth in a Ciskeian Village: A Comparison over Forty Years".  In Development the Human Challenge. 396-422.  Refereed conference proceedings of the Development Society of Southern Africa's Biennial Conference.  1988.

"Rethinking Socialist Economics" (Review Note). South African Journal of Economics. 55(3), 1987.

"On the Welfare and Employment Effects of Economic Sanctions: Comment". South African Journal of Economics. 55(3), 1987. (Co‑author with  B. Dollery).

Review of R. Wolff "Understanding Marx: A Reconstruction and Critique of Capital". South African Journal of Economics.  54(4), 1986.

Unpublished Reports and Working Papers

“UPE and Social Inequality in Uganda: A Step Backward or a Step in the Right Direction?” (2009) SALDRU Working Paper Number 37, August.

“Methodology” (2009) National Income Dynamics Technical Report, Number 1. Cape Town.SALDRU. (Co-author with Ingrid Woolard and Louise de Villiers).

“Expenditure” (2009) National Income Dynamics Technical Report, Number 1. Cape Town.SALDRU. (Co-author with Simon Frankli, Arden Finn, Malcolm Keswell, and Jim Levinsohn).

“Income and Expenditure Inequality” (2009). National Income Dynamics Discussion Paper Number 4. (Co-author with Arden Finn and Ingrid Woolard).

“Personal Debt and Financial Access” (2009). National Income Dynamics Discussion Paper Number 8. (Co-author with Garakai Nyaruwata).

“Poverty” (2009). National Income Dynamics Discussion Paper Number 9. (Co-author with Jonathan Argent, Arden Finn, and Ingrid Woolard).

“Intergenerational Mobility” (2009). National Income Dynamics Discussion Paper Number 10. (Co-author with Sarah Girdwood).

“Sequential Regression Multiple Imputation for Incomplete Multivariate Data Using Markov Chain Monte Carlo”. (2008) SALDRU Working Paper Number 13. Cape Town: SALDRU. (Co-author with Miguel Lacerda and Cally Ardington).

“Schooling as a Lottery: Racial Differences in School Advancement in Urban South Africa” (2007). ERSA Working Paper, No. 56. (Co-author with David Lam and Cally Ardington). This was also published as SALDRU Working Paper, No 18.

“Asset-based Versus Money-metric Poverty Indices in South Africa:  An assessment using the Chronic Poverty Research Centre RSA 2002 Survey.” (2005) Centre for Social Science Research, Working Paper No. 109. (Co-author with Crosoer, D. and Woolard, I).

“Incomes in South Africa Since the Fall of Apartheid” (2005) National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper No. 11384, May. (Co-author with Levinsohn, J. and McCrary, J.)

“Income Inequality After Apartheid”.  (2004). CSSR Working Paper 04/75, August. (Co-author with Seekings, J. and Nattrass, N.).

“Financial Services and the Informal Economy” (2004). CSSR Working Paper 04/66, May. (Co-author with Ardington, C.).

“Inequality in Post-Apartheid South Africa: Trends in the Distribution of Incomes and Opportunities and their Social and Political Implications”. (2003). Report for the Centre for Enterprise Development, July. (Co-author with Seekings, J and N Nattrass).

“Measures and Determinants of Unemployment in South Africa”. (2002) Report for the United Nations Development Program, May. (Co-author with H. Bhorat).

“Increasing the Demand for Labour in South Africa” (2001) EAGER Research Report, Boston.  September. (Co-author with Dirck Strycker, Fuad Cassim, Rajaratnam, Haroon Bhorat and Daniel Plunket).

“Which African Workers Have Gotten Ahead and by How Much? The Story of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, 1993-98”. (2001) Final Report for Project Commissioned by the South African Treasury. (Co-author with Gary Fields and Paul Cichello).

“The Role of Education and Fertility in the Participation and Employment of African Women in South Africa” DPRU Working Papers No 01/54, September 2001.  (Co-author with Cecil Mlatsheni).

Key Labour Market Elasticities in South Africa”. (1999). Report Commissioned by the South African Department of Finance. (Co-author with G. Fields and J. Wakeford).

"A Multivariate Analysis of Poverty in South Africa".  (1998). Research paper prepared for and published in The Poverty and Inequality Report. Report prepared for the Office of the Executive Deputy President of South African and the Interministerial Committee for Poverty and Inequality.  (Co-author with I. Woolard). The technical sections of this paper were published as Appendix 5 of the report and other sections of the paper were included as part of Chapter 9 of the report.

"Understanding Deregulation: An Analysis of the Wheat Processing Industry". Trade and Industry Monitor December 1997, Vol. 4. (Co-author with L. Edwards).

“Deregulation and the Wheat Filiere: Past, Present and Future”. Final Report, Restructuring Agriculture in South Africa Project. (1997). (Co-author with L. Edwards). (Pages 1-70, including appendices).

"The Economics of Language in South Africa: Comments on Strauss". In Strauss, Leibbrandt, Beukes and Heugh The Economics of Language Language Planning Report No 5.2. Department of Arts, Culture, Science and Technology, August 1996.

"South African Labour Market Policy". Oxford Analytica. July 1996.

"Rural Labour Markets, Migrant Labour and Rural Poverty in South Africa". Report for the International Labour Office. February 1996.  (Co-author with I. Woolard). (107 pages, excluding appendices).

"Labour Market Implications of Special Employment Programmes in South Africa". In Public Works Programmes in South Africa: A Key Element in Employment Policy?. Urban Foundation Research Report No. 8, April 1994. (Co-author with A. Donaldson and D. Fryer).

"The Effects of Externally Induced Socio‑Economic and Political Change in Rural Areas: The Keiskammahoek District 1948‑1986".  Development Studies Working Paper No. 47. Institute for Social and Economic Research.  Rhodes University. August 1989 (Co‑author with C. de Wet and R. Palmer).

"Some Thoughts on Leon Louw's Proposals for Tribal Land Reform in the Ciskei". Ciskei Agricultural Journal. 4, 1st Quarter, 1987 (Co‑author with C. de Wet).